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Sonntag, 27 März 2016 12:29

Tagebau Welzow

Tagebau Welzow

Vor einiger Zeit hatte ich die Gelegenheit im Braunkohle-Tagebau Welzow fotografieren zu können. Als Teil einer geführten Geländewagen-Tour war es möglich in Bereiche vorzudringen, die dem Beobachter von den offiziellen Aussichtspunkten verborgen bleiben. 

Das Betriebsgelände ist nur in Verbindung mit einer gebuchten Tour zugänglich. Dazu gehören auch Jeep-Touren, die von örtlichen Tourismusorganisatoren durchgeführt werden. Im Geländewagen ist es dann relativ problemlos möglich die ansonsten nicht passierbaren Abfahrten hinein in den Tagebau zu meistern. Der Tagebau Welzow fördert täglich 50k Tonnen Braunkohle, die zu 2/3 direkt in das benachbarte Kraftwerk gespeist werden, zu Spitzenzeiten lässt sich die Förderleistung auf 100k Tonnen hochschrauben. Das eigentliche Kohleflötz hat nur eine Mächtigkeit von 10 bis 15 Metern, darüber befindet sich aber das Deckgebirge von 90 bis 150 Metern, das als Abraum erst mal beseitigt werden muss. Dementsprechend groß ist das Abbaugebiet und die darin befindlichen Maschinen.

Aus fotografischer Sicht war es mir primär wichtig die Weitläufigkeit des Abbaugebietes einzufangen. Um eine geeignete Bildwirkung zu erzielen muss ein Bildelement vorhanden sein, über das der Betrachter die tatsächliche Größe einschätzen kann. Geeignet dafür sind Objekte, deren Größe man aus dem Alltag kennt, z.B. ein Bagger, eine Hütte oder eine Schiene. Natürlich eignen sich für diese Art Bilder besonders Weitwinkelobjektive, um möglichst viel von der Landschaft ins Bild zu pressen. Als Nebeneffekt nimmt auch der Himmel entsprechend viel Platz ein und verstärkt bei geeigneter Textur noch den Eindruck der Tiefe im Bild. Geeignete Textur bedeutet in dem Fall, dass er nicht einfach einfarbig blau oder grau sein sollte, sondern Wolken vorhanden sein müssen, die sich möglichst gut einzeln abgrenzen. Das Beispielbild wurde mit dem 14mm Walimex f2.8 gemacht und liefert am Vollformat schon einen enorm großen Bildausschnitt. Der orange Versorgungszug übernimmt die Rolle des Maßstabsgebers, dem Betrachter wird auch ohne die exakte Größe des Zuges zu kennen sofort klar, wie riesig die Flächen sein müssen im Bild. Unterstützt wird dieser Effekt natürlich auch von der Linienführung: Alle Grabenwände laufen auf einen gemeinsamen Fluchtpunkt am Horizont zu, der Betrachter wird quasi gezwungen dem Graben in der Mitte zu folgen.

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Sehr interessant sind im Tagebau auch die verschiedenen Farben und Strukturen, die entstehen. Der Abraum besteht weitestgehend aus Sand, der durch den Absetzer wieder aufgeschichtet wird. Entsprechend anfällig ist die so neu geschaffene Landschaft für Erosion. Insbesondere Regen schwemmt viel Boden aus und erzeugt so sehr interessante Sandformationen. Der Sand hat keine einheitliche Farbe, da auch er in verschiedenen Epochen der Erdgeschichte abgelagert wurde (man darf nicht vergessen, dass diese gigantischen Bagger in Sekunden Millionen Jahre Erdgeschichte umgraben). Spannend sind auch die Farben, die durch den sogenannten "Lausitzer Ocker" gebildet werden. Leider handelt es sich dabei eigentlich um ein massives Umweltproblem, das in der Umgebung von Tagebaugebieten zur Bedrohung für Pflanzen und Tiere geworden ist.

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Die Lichtverhältnisse waren leider nicht optimal. Alle Bilder sind in der Mittagszeit entstanden bei durchgehend grauem Himmel. Entsprechend flau sahen viele der Bilder out of cam aus. Mit der entsprechenden Kontrastanpassung in Lightroom ließ sich aber der Dynamikumfang der Bilder deutlich erhöhen, so dass im Himmel wieder einzelne Wolken erkennbar waren und die wenigen Farben im Tagebau wieder etwas mehr zu leuchten begannen. Der Workflow dabei ist für mich immer recht ähnlich. Die Tiefen/Lichter-Regler werden genutzt, um möglichst viel Restinformation aus den RAWs rauszuholen, nicht selten werden beide Regler fast bis zum Anschlag (Tiefen hoch, Lichter runter) gezogen. Um dann das Histogramm wieder zu strecken, nutze ich die Regler für weiß und schwarz und achte darauf, dass keine Bereiche ausbrennen oder unterbelichtet werden. Etwas Klarheit bringt dann noch den nötigen Mikrokontrast und verstärkt die Farben etwas im Bild.

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Zum Schluss noch ein paar Eindrücke von diesem Tag im Welzower Tagebau.

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    From roughly mid-October to mid-December, shoulder season for travel to Europe comes with fewer crowds, far more comfortable temperatures in places that skew scorching hot during the summer months and plunging prices on airfare and accommodation.

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    “The cheapest time to fly to Europe is typically from about the middle point of October to the middle point of December,” said Hayley Berg, lead economist at travel platform Hopper. “Airfare prices during those eight or nine weeks or so will typically be about an average of 40% lower than prices in the peak of summer in June.”

    Hopper’s data shows that airfare to Europe from the United States during the period between October 20 and December 8 is averaging between $560 and $630 per ticket — down 9% from this time last year and 5% compared to the same timeframe in 2019.

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    Meanwhile, on a mountaintop in northern Chile, the US National Science Foundation and Stanford University researchers are preparing to power up the world’s largest digital camera inside the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.

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    In the mountains of Uzbekistan, a research team used lasers strapped to a flying robot to uncover two cities buried and lost for centuries.

    The anthropologists said they had mapped these forgotten medieval towns for the first time — located at a key crossroad of ancient silk trade routes — using a drone equipped with LiDAR, or light detection and ranging equipment.

    When nature reclaims what’s left of once thriving civilizations, scientists are increasingly turning to remote sensing to peer through dense vegetation.

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    Europe’s secret season for travel starts now
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    Summer might be the most popular season for tourism to Europe, but it hardly promises a calm, cool and collected experience.

    Who can forget this summer’s protests against overtourism in Barcelona and Mallorca, the wildfires that raged across Greece during the country’s hottest June and July on record and selfie stoplights to help control crowds on the clogged streets of Rome and Florence?

    For travelers looking to avoid all that — as well as break less of a sweat literally and financially — welcome to Europe’s secret season.
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    From roughly mid-October to mid-December, shoulder season for travel to Europe comes with fewer crowds, far more comfortable temperatures in places that skew scorching hot during the summer months and plunging prices on airfare and accommodation.

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    “The cheapest time to fly to Europe is typically from about the middle point of October to the middle point of December,” said Hayley Berg, lead economist at travel platform Hopper. “Airfare prices during those eight or nine weeks or so will typically be about an average of 40% lower than prices in the peak of summer in June.”

    Hopper’s data shows that airfare to Europe from the United States during the period between October 20 and December 8 is averaging between $560 and $630 per ticket — down 9% from this time last year and 5% compared to the same timeframe in 2019.

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    Greetings, earthlings! I’m Jackie Wattles, and I’m thrilled to be a new name bringing awe to your inbox.

    I’ve covered space exploration for nearly a decade at CNN, and there has never been a more exciting time to follow space and science discoveries. As researchers push forward to explore and understand the cosmos, advancements in technology are sparking rapid developments in rocketry, astronomical observatories and a multitude of scientific instruments.
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    Look no further than the missions racing to unlock dark matter and the mysterious force known as dark energy, both so named precisely because science has yet to explain these phenomena.

    Astronomers have never detected dark matter, but they believe it makes up about 85% of the total matter in the universe. Meanwhile, the existence of dark energy helps researchers explain why the universe is expanding — and why that expansion is speeding up.
    Extraordinary new scientific instruments are churning out trailblazing data, ready to reshape how scientists view the cosmos.

    A prime example is the European Space Agency’s wide-angle Euclid telescope that launched in 2023 to investigate the riddles of dark energy and dark matter.

    Euclid this week delivered the first piece of a cosmic map — containing about 100 million stars and galaxies — that will take six years to create.

    These stunning 3D observations may help scientists see how dark matter warps light and curves space across galaxies.

    Meanwhile, on a mountaintop in northern Chile, the US National Science Foundation and Stanford University researchers are preparing to power up the world’s largest digital camera inside the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.

    Unearthed
    In the mountains of Uzbekistan, a research team used lasers strapped to a flying robot to uncover two cities buried and lost for centuries.

    The anthropologists said they had mapped these forgotten medieval towns for the first time — located at a key crossroad of ancient silk trade routes — using a drone equipped with LiDAR, or light detection and ranging equipment.

    When nature reclaims what’s left of once thriving civilizations, scientists are increasingly turning to remote sensing to peer through dense vegetation.

    The images revealed two large settlements dotted with watchtowers, fortresses, complex buildings, plazas and pathways that tens of thousands of people may have called home.

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